The Critical And Conceptual Inquiry - 2264 Words

In the early 1950’s, Ludwig Wittgenstein (1953) openly condemned psychology as a discipline plagued with conceptual confusion, and rife with experimental methods that are often completely irrelevant to the problems they set out to solve. Although written over half a century ago, Wittgenstein’s criticism actively reflects the distinct conundrum of modern day psychology, in which expeditious empirical expansion is coupled with conceptual and theoretical turmoil (Hacker, 2007). Despite this ambiguity, the advancement of contemporary experimental techniques continues to cultivate a naà ¯ve, unjustified assurance in the status of psychology as a physical science. Openly condemning ‘metatheoretical psychologists’, the proposition under scrutiny is directly representative of the common neglect of philosophical investigation within the scope of contemporary psychological research. Irony lies in the fact the critical and conceptual inquiry undertaken by such Ã¢â‚¬Ë œphilosophical types’ is imperative in the formation of factual, scientific theories (Boag, 2011). In this sense, I will argue that to label metatheoretical psychologists as ‘cowboy builders’ is absurd. They do not ‘tear down’ edifices in the lust for destruction as suggested by the premise at hand, instead, they play a much more important role by providing conceptual critique in the hope of theoretical improvement and stability (Noaparast, 1995). Abstract analysis such as this can prove helpful in exposing conceptualShow MoreRelatedThinking About Philosophy754 Words   |  4 Pagesthe practical utility of their area of intellectual engagement, the usual impression of the philosopher as an intellectual generalist. A philosopher as intellectual generalist is one whose area of knowledge has no specific focus and whose skills of critical thinking and capacity for discernment, are nothing more than general intellectual ones. The phrase ‘general in tellectual ones’ here means having a highly developed ability to think, reason and understand especially in combination with wide knowledgeRead MoreThe Implementation Of The 21st Century Essay1498 Words   |  6 Pagestechnologically, and environmentally literate and productive members of society who are critical problem solvers, responsible stewards of nature, innovative and creative citizens, informed decision makers and effective communicators is the Science curriculum goal. To carry out this goal, the teaching of science has to be done using inquiry based approach or inquiry based learning as the main teaching and learning strategy. Inquiry based learning or IBL has long been used as a teaching strategy in science, howeverRead MoreThe Buck Institute For Education969 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelop. The elements are challenging problem or question, sustained inquiry, authenticity, student voice and choice, reflection, critique and revision, and public product (Larmer, Mergendoller, Boss, 2015). Elements of Gold Standard PBL A well designed project begins with what students must learn, and the learning targets are delineated in the content standards of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS). Students develop conceptual understanding of key knowledge and learn how to apply them to realRead MoreWhy Stories Matter Convincingly Questions The Belief That Securing More Accurate Narratives Of The Past Essay1388 Words   |  6 Pagestactics ought to be employed there as well. The Fantasy of Feminist History: Conceptual Tools for Feminist Historians Joan Wallach Scott’s The Fantasy of Feminist History is a collection of new and old essays that focus on Scott s use of psychoanalytical and poststructuralist theory as a critical reading practice for history. Scott claims that the concept of fantasy within the category of psychoanalysis promotes historical inquiry by inspiring discussions of the cognitive investments historians have inRead MoreConceptual Foundations Of Social Research Methods Essay1262 Words   |  6 Pagesevolution and shortcomings. In an attempt to provide a response to the aforementioned questions, David Baranov’s ‘Conceptual Foundations of Social Research Methods’, with special focus on Chapter 2 entitled â€Å"Logical Positivism† will be utilized to not only bring a concise episode of the book, but also a critical inquiry of the concept of logical positivism and to explore how much of a conceptual foundation is provided for the approaches utilized in social research methods. David Baranov is a ProfessorRead MoreJournaling Essay1115 Words   |  5 Pagesreport on the use of journaling among traditional and non-conventual students (Langer, 2002). The construction of this subject will produce five major elements starting with the research questions and purpose. The second factor is the theoretical/conceptual foundation, followed by the method, solutions, and ending with the discussion. Research Question/Problem The narration of the research issues and challenges were expressed clearly in the article by Langer (2002), rooted in his study, he noted, reachingRead MoreThe Army Design Methodology ( Adm )1477 Words   |  6 Pagesconditions due to their dependence on medium structure problem framing. The Army Design Methodology (ADM) is a tool military organizations should use in adaptive environments to develop solutions for complex problems. To understand why the ADM is a critical tool for military organizations, military professionals need to understand the impacts of ill-structured problems on planning and execution and the potential influence the ADM will have on their organization. Once military professionals understandRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Teaching And Learning Programs Essay1612 Words   |  7 Pagesphilosophy of teaching aligns with Inquiry learning where a child’s natural inquisitive mind is nurtured through active learning experiences which are both child lead and adult le ad and involve open communication, questioning, feedback, observation and listening (Murdoch, 2014). The inquiry learning models of Murdoch, 5Es and SAUCE will be analysed for their effectiveness in integrating the curriculum. The integration of teaching and learning programs within the context of inquiry learning, are a key componentsRead MoreTeaching For Conceptual Understanding Of Science, By Richard Konicek- Moran And Keeley785 Words   |  4 Pages Reading through chapter four of the book â€Å"Teaching For Conceptual Understanding in Science,† by Richard Konicek- Moran and Keeley, allowed me to enrich my knowledge base about the extent of capabilities that children have and the distinguished ideas that have been created and majored by researchers in the course of the current century in order to provide students with the opportunity to sophisticate and reinforce their understanding of the scientific essentials. Likewise, the authors pointRead MoreLanger Article Critique Essay703 Words   |  3 Pagesstrengths and weaknesses of the Langer (2002) article. The body of the critique will develop the five major elements, which begin with the research question/problem to include the author’s purpose for writing the article. The next element is the conceptual framework, followed by the methodology, results/findings of the study, and lastly the discussion. Even though the research question is stated clearly in the third sentence, the use of the terms former and latter in the introduction was somewhat

Management and Steps Free Essays

|Name: |Date: | Graded Assignment Test Part 2: Thinking and Feeling 1. Write one short-term goal for enhancing your sense of self, and list all of the steps necessary to achieve the goal. The steps to your goal must include how you will deal with the positive and negative influences on your sense of self. We will write a custom essay sample on Management and Steps or any similar topic only for you Order Now (15 points) One goal to enhance my sense in self would to probably be to go to the gym and work out my muscular shape. The steps would include going to the gym daily and following the trainer’s instructions on how to build my muscle. The steps might go as follows: 1. Go to gym every day to increase muscular mass. 2. Every night preform a few exercises and such to maintain muscle mass 3. Eat healthy and lots of protein. 4. Take trainers advice of what else must be done. Some positive influences on my sense of self might be my social environment (Lots of close friends who actually will go to the gym with me so it applies to my goal as well). My friends also encourage me in whatever I choose to do. I will welcome this encouragement and it will definitely help me reach my goal. A negative influence might be an internal critic saying that I can’t reach my goal and that its way too hard and takes too much time. I will try to ignore this idea and focus on succeeding my goal and won’t stop until I do. 2. Imagine you are teaching a fifth grader about health. Write a paragraph for the fifth grader that explains why effective communication is related to health. Include a definition of â€Å"effective communication† in your paragraph. (15 points) Effective communication is being able to talk with someone in a better way, a way that both talkers will understand each other more clearly. Good communication first requires that you know what you are trying to talk to. If you don’t know what you are trying to say, it is difficult to communicate an effective message. It also means being able to listen to others, to let them know what you are thinking and feeling, and to say â€Å"no† when you need to. Effective communication is important to health because people understand each other a lot better with effective communication. Most people already think they know how to communicate well, that may be true, but how many times have you felt frustrated that someone didn’t really understand what you were trying to say? Or that you didn’t â€Å"get† what someone was telling you? Or that you agreed to do something you didn’t want to do? With effective communication you can learn how to talk and communicate with people better, which is a lot better for your health. 3. Pick a specific mental or emotional problem. List at least 5 signs or symptoms of that problem. Then list at least 3 actions you would take if a friend showed these signs. Then write down one reliable source of help you would use if your friend needed immediate help. (15 points) Five symptoms of depression are: 1) Deep sadness or emptiness 2) Feeling hopeless, guilty, helpless or worthless 3) Unable to make decisions 4) Weight or appetite changes 5) Wanting to be alone most of the time To help my friend with his problems, first I would suggest a counselor for him to go to. I would never leave him alone and always comfort him at all times. I would always make it clear for my friend that I am there for him and will help him deal with all his problems. 4. Write down one source of stress in your life. List the 3 steps of self-management, and create a plan to manage that stress in a healthy way. Your plan should have at least 4 stress management techniques. (15 points) One source of stress in my life is the large amount of summer course work I have to do. The three steps of self-management include: Identify the stressor. What’s bothering you? This is the most important step. * Change or manage the way you respond to the stressor. * Ask for help from a parent or guardian, a trusted friend, a counselor, or another trusted adult. My plan is to practice the three steps of self-management and then practice the following 4 steps: 1. Set realistic goals and prioritize what has to be done 2. Eat nutritious foods and get enough sleep. 3. Relax by deep breathi ng 4. Take time to do entertaining stuff (play sports, watch tv) How to cite Management and Steps, Essay examples

Peter the Great Persuasive Essay Example For Students

Peter the Great Persuasive Essay Espitia, Cesar L. AP European History, Period 2December 17, 1998Peter, overall, was an important step for the Russians during his reign. Although he was a man of hatred due to his childhood, his quests to Westernize Russia were paramount. He brought numerous things from the west whenever he visited such great nations as France, among many others. He mimicked everything he was, at times imposing harsh edicts on the people of Russia in order for them to comply. Little by little, Peter began to gain power comparable to that of Louis XIV, by undermining everyone including the nobility. We will write a custom essay on Peter the Great Persuasive specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Although Peter was very much barbaric by nature, he was humorous and civilized. Yet his greatest virtue was his jealousy for all the wealth the West had obtained. Therefore his curiosity took the best of him. He wished to know how and why everything worked and how he could improve it. It is true he absorbed all that he saw but his incorporations were utilitarian. He wished and sought everything that would make his country catch up to the West. This of course would prove to be a difficult task, one that incorporated innumerable amounts of bloodshed and torture throughout Russia. Reason being that the nation was extremely religious and thus hostile to radical changes in common life. Peter during his reign had a mind of a child, umprejudice to all that he saw. He even became tolerable of all religions and allowed them to build churches, all except the Jesuits. He though that they propagandized their religion far more than the others did. To fortify his country, Peter put a lot of effort to give Russia a modern army, an efficient government, industry, commerce, and ports that could reach the world. Peter economized everything except human life. The first step he took to become an absolute ruler was to diminish his lavish lifestyle. He drastically cut all royal extravagances; everything including cooks, balls, receptions, etc. Unkingly as it may sound it did help raise his revenue; he even turned over his possessions in the name of the state. It even got to the point where his friends would pay for a share of the meal being eaten at a picnic, to the underpayment of his palace staff. Women in Peters life were the same; he saw them as minor incidents in his life. He underpaid prostitutes for their services, yet he did have several mistresses and strumpets. Only one caught his eye and soul Catherine I. Catherine did what no other woman could, she got through all the anger of the Czars pitted soul and found a tender spot within. Catherine was first seen by Russia as a s trumpet, and Peter never did formally recognized (although she had bore his children) until 1722, when he crowned her empress. Her influence over him was good in many ways. For one, he improved his manners and etiquette. She somehow managed to moderate his drinking to the point where if Peter had friends over and was extremely drunk, Catherine would only need command him quietly to come home and he obeyed. At other times Catherine I would be able to persuade the Czar to not torture or kill several prisoners.The one thing she never tried to do was influence politics. However, she did request of him to see that friends and family be provided for. By this time Peter had gained absolute power yet he took it for granted. He agreed with many of what Louis XIV and Cromwell had said, taking into consideration that only one absolute ruler, without any noblemen, was necessary to serve the state. Peter saw himself not as a despot but as a servant to the state. In order to indirectly prove his power he had St. Petersburg built. It took years of intense labor and numerous deaths to complete the project. The palace was not only built upon a swamp, but also upon the bones and bodies of many of the peasant who helped build it. Mimicking Louis XIV, he ordered the noblemen to build houses around St. Petersburg in order to keep an eye on them. The boyars, under great protest, built them. Later on, he made St. Petersburg the capital of Russia because he hated the ecclesiastical atmosphere found in Moscow and he wished the noble to see the future of Russia through his window to the West. Next Peter wished to build an army that would guard the Russian commerce through the Baltic Sea. This idea triumphed for a while, yet it was readily decimated because of Nature itself. See Russia is naturally a land-locked country. Yeah sure there is water tot he north of it, but it is frozen nearly all year. Furthermore, the merchant marine was disorganized and badly built. The ships began to fal l apart because of the rotting wood and cracking masts. Due to this Moscow took its revenge and became the capital of Russia again. The only permanent reform during Peters reign was the army. Before Peter the entire army was dependent upon peasants led by their lords. This army was poorly disciplined, and armed. In building a standing army, the boyars were undermined, yet the soldiers were equipped with the latest technology. The reason he took such a forward step was because he needed it in opening the Baltic, and transforming the Russian economy and government. One of the most remarkable things that Peter did that no other ruler did was to improve the status of woman. He encouraged them to learn, remove their veils, dance, sing, make music, etc. He issued edicts forbidding prearranged marriages, and requiring at least a month and a half of between betrothal and marriage in order to insure that the couple does love each other before being wed. However from this women did have more illegitimate births and since there was great opposition to Peter especially from the religious groups and clergy, this would be used against him. Within religion, Peter abolished patriarch after the death of Patriarch Adrian. He left the place void until he finally filled it with a new position, the Holy Synod. This official would only be able to comply to whatever Peter the Great said not the church. All properties of the church were turned over to the Czar, and ecclesiastical courts were curtailed. The bishops were now appointed by the bureaucracy and miracle centers became limited. Furthermore, Peter being tolerant of religion allowed several religions to assemble churches in the Nevski Prospekr, which came to be known as Prospect of Tolerance. This in turn made terminated the Middle Ages of Russia. Besides this the economy of Russia grew immensely under Peter. A new class of aristocrats rose, these would be the new leaders of the new economy that Peter would build based on indu stry, taxation, commerce, etc. The first thing he did was to cultivate all the natural resources that Russia had to offer. Tobacco, mulberry and vine were cultivated along with the breeding of horses and sheep. Besides these iron was mined to the point that in 1710 Russia ceased to import iron, it had enough to become an exporter of the product. He brought foreign artisans and managers and prodded the Russians of every rank to learn the new methods of industrial arts. All those who didnt want to comply were threatened with torture. During this time the amount of factories grew to 233; the most ever seen in Russia ever. High protective tariffs were imposed to shield the industries from foreign nations. However, the merchant class demanded more from the Czar, and wished to be treated less like serfs. In 1723 Peter complied in an edict and raised the social status of that class. Wars, however, forced the ruler to allow the government to monopolize various industries. Taxation became ex haustive. Nearly everything became taxed; even those men who wished to retain their beards. Peter, however, did not include the nobility and clergy. All this, overall, devastated the coinage. As part of the Cultural Revolution, Peter imposed on the Russians many new ideals of the West. He modeled the new Russian alphabet after that of the Greeks, angering many of those that belonged to the Orthodox Church. He finally allowed the publication of the first Russian newspaper, Gazette of St. Petersburg. He ordered printing presses to be brought to Russia and people to work them. Many of the scriptures and books found in Russia were changed to the new alphabet. He built a grandiose library that was filled all the latest books of the West. He further allowed the building of science and technical schools that would improve the intellectual capacity of those in Russia. Noble children were sent to these schools, and after his death an expedition was formed that would finally solve the enigma of Russia and North America being united. Vitus Bering later carried out the expedition across the Pacific Ocean. The aftermath of all the things Peter did somewhat reverse everything he had done. The Russians were used to the bad conditions they had lived in prior to Peter, but under his rule things got extremely worse. Crime spread and begging continued, although Peter tried to stop this by setting up relief centers, yet this didnt help much. Everyone in Russia had extreme hatred towards Peter; many even wanted to kill him. This, however, never even dented Peters spirit. This was seen when he even tortured his son Alexis. Alexis was tortured until his death during 1718. In the long run, Peter tried to make things better for Russia. Some of the things that were implemented during his reign lasted, and later modified. He dragged Russia kicking and screaming, into a new age of Westernization. Although in his mind he wished to do good, it turned out to be somewhat worse, yet it has to be accredited to him that during his reign the people were united (unfortunately against him), and the economy flowed smoothly.